初三畢業生在家複習什麼，這些硬核語法考點必會！

今天給大家整理了

被動語態的用法和考點，對被動語態不是很明白的小夥伴們，把知識點看完再做後面的習題

被動語態應試要點：

一、被動語態的基本結構：

被動語態的基本結構是由

be+過去分詞

的形式來表達，如果要特別強調動作的執行者，在

句末

+

by

+動作執行者

，譯為“被（由）……”。

1、被動語態的基本句型

肯定句：主語+be +過去分詞+（by+動作執行者）。

否定句：主語+be not +過去分詞+（by+動作執行者）。

一般疑問句：Be +主語+過去分詞+（by+動作執行者）？

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be +主語+過去分詞+（by+動作執行者）？

2、被動語態的時態、人稱和數的變化

被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的，be是什麼時態，全句就是什麼時態，be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。

be的變化形式與系動詞be的變化形式完全一樣

。以 give 為例，列表如下：

一般現在時：am / is / are + given

一般過去時：was / were + given

一般將來時：shall / will + be given

現在進行時：am / is / are + being + given

過去進行時：was / were + being + done

現在完成時：have / has + been + done

過去完成時：had + been + done

情態動詞的被動語態：情態動詞+ be given

3、主動語態變被動語態的方法

（1） My aunt

invited

me to her dinner party。

→ I

was invited

（by my aunt ） to her dinner party。

（2） The school

set

up a special class to help poor readers。

→ A special class to help poor readers

was set

up in the school。

1.把主動語態的賓語變成被動語態的主語。

2.把主動語態的謂語變成被動語態的be + 過去分詞，時態要與原句保持一致。

3.把主動語態的主語變為介詞by+動作執行者，放在被動語態裡謂語動詞之後，by 短語可以省略。

二、特殊情況的被動語態

1、帶雙賓語的被動語態：動詞+sb。（間賓）+sth。（直賓）

口訣:

如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to/for間賓連

1）give/pas/show與介詞to搭配。 give sb。sth。—— sb。+ be given sth。或sth。+be given+to sb

2）buy/make/cook與介詞for搭配。 buy sb。sth。—— sb。+ be bought+sh。或sh。+be bought+for sb。

2、帶省to的不定式作賓補的被動語態： 動詞+sb。+ do sth

口訣:感使動詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動語態to離去，被動語態to回來

常考動詞：

make/let/have/see/hear/feel/ watch

make

sb do sth。 sb。 —— sb

be+m

ade+ to

do sth

The boss

made

the workers work all day。

The workers

were made

to

work all day by the boss

3、在see/hear/ notice/keep+sb。+ doing sth。句型中變被動語態時， doing不變

I

heard

Tom

singing

Just now

Tom was

heard

singing

by me just now

4、以動詞短語作謂語的主動語態變被動語態時，不可丟掉後面的介詞或副詞。

We should take care

of

the old。

The old should be taken care

of.

小夥伴們一定要把這些題目做完噢。

一、選出最佳答案

1。To help people travel around the city more easily， more underground lines

______

in the next few years in Shanghai。

A。 are built B。 will build C。 are building D。 will be built

2。 The old man was sad because his favourite vase _________ by his naughty granddaughter。

A。 Broke B。 breaks C。 is broken D。 was broken

3。The flat of the famous architect________ at the price of 8 million dollars last year。

A。 will sell B。 will be sold C。sold D。was sold

4。 Diana’s car ________ five years ago。 but it still looks quite new。

A。 is bought B。 has been bought C。 was bought D。 will be bought

5。 All the boys _______ into five groups to complete the group activities just now。

A。 divide B。 have divided C。 were divided D。 will be divided

6。 According to the government’s announcement， some roads in our district _______ next year。

A。 will widen B。 will be widened C。 widen D。 are widened

7。 It’s a pleasure that Lucy _______ to the charity show last night。

A。 invites B。 is invited C。 invited D。 was invited

8。 Soon the firemen arrived at the scene， and the old man in the fire________ at last。

A。was saved B。saved C。 has saved D。 has been saved

9。 My advice on decorating the back wall ____ at last by the class teacher。

A。 was accepted B。 was accepting C。 will be accepted D。 will accept

10。 According to NASA， in 2024 the first woman ________ on the moon 。

A。 is landed B。 was landed C。 has been landed D。 will be landed

11。 Every year billions of tons rubbish _________ in Europe。 Are you shocked by this？

A。 produces B。 was produced C。 be produced D。 has produced

二、根據所給要求完成下列句子，每題空格限填一詞

1。The citizens must divide everyday waste into four different categories。（改為被動語態）

Everyday waste must ________ ________ into four different categories by the citizens。

2。 You should give the pet dog enough food and water every day。（改為被動語態）

The pet dog should _______ _______ enough food and water every day。

3。 Each student gives a report about national news in Politics lessons。（改成被動語態）

A report about national news ________ ________by each student in Politics lessons。

4。 Damin raises a new cormorant once a year。 （改為被動語態）

A new cormorant ________ ________once a year by Damin。

5。 Mary’s desk-mate chose that pair of trousers because of its design。（改為被動語態）

That pair of trousers _______ _______ by Mary’s desk-mate because of its design。

6。 We make self-driving cars to change the way we move around。（改為被動語態）

Self-driving cars ________ ________ to change the way we move around。

7。 Mary sent some postcards to her friends in China after she arrived in London。（改為被動語態）

Some postcards _______ _______ to her friends in China after Mary arrived in London。

8。 You should give the pet dog enough food and water every day。（改為被動語態）

The pet dog should _______ _______ enough food and water every day。 68。 her new i-phone，

9。 Keeping pet dogs teaches us how to be responsible in our daily life。（改為被動語態）

We _________ _________ how to be responsible in our daily life by keeping pet dogs。

10。You can buy paints， glue and other things in the shop。（改為被動語態）

Paints， glue and other things can ________ ________ in the shop。

11。The community will build more parking places to meet the increasing needs。（改為被動語態）

More parking places will _______ _______ to meet the increasing needs。

12。The little girl decorated the black umbrella with a strawberry design。（改為被動語態）

The black umbrella ________ ________ with a strawberry design by the little girl。

13。The thief stole one million dollars’ worth of gold from the store。（改為被動語態）

One million dollars’ worth of gold _______ _______ from the store。

14。 A sudden loud noise from nowhere woke me up in the early morning。 （改為被動語態）

I _______ ________ up by a sudden loud noise from nowhere in the early morning。

15。 They have found the lost child alive and well in a London park。（改為被動語態）

The lost child _________ _________ found alive and well in a London park。

答案在圖片後面，要認真校對。

答案：

一、1——5 DDDCD 6——11 BDA ADB

二、1。 be divided 2。 be given 3。is given 4。 is raised 5。 was chosen

6。 are made 7。 were sent 8。 be given 9。 are taught 10。 be bought

11。 be built 12。 was decorated 13。 was stolen 14。was woken， 15。 has been

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